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Astigmatism occurs when the front surface of the eye (cornea) is slightly irregular in shape, resulting in vision being blurred at all distances. Astigmatism is not a disease, but is actually a vision condition that is quite common.
When the front of the eye is more oval than round, light does not focus properly on the back of the eye (retina). The causes of this irregular shape are unclear. In some cases, it may be hereditary or it may result from such factors as pressure of the eyelids on the cornea, incorrect posture or an increased use of the eyes for close work.
Most people have some degree of astigmatism. However, only moderate to highly astigmatic eyes may need corrective lenses.
People with severe astigmatism will usually have blurred or distorted vision. Those with mild astigmatism may experience headaches, eye strain, fatigue or blurred vision at certain distances.
A comprehensive eye examination by an optometric physician will include tests for astigmatism.
Almost all levels of astigmatism can be optically corrected with properly prescribed and fitted eyeglasses or contact lenses.
Astigmatism may increase slowly. Regular optometric care can, however, help to insure that proper vision is maintained.
Other than having to adjust to wearing eyeglasses or contact lenses, astigmatism probably will not significantly affect one's lifestyle at all.
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